Isaac Newton (1643-1727) was an English mathematician and physicist.

His book Principia, published in 1687, stated the three laws of motion and the law of universal
gravitation. Newton also built the first practical reflecting telescope and developed a theory of colour
based on the observation that a prism separates white light into the colours of the visible spectrum.

More than two centuries later, Albert Einstein extended Newton's mechanics with the theory of relativity.